Na wai e ana i ka iwi iwi ma o ka iwi densitometer
Iwi Densitometry
ʻO ka Osteoporosis kahi poho nui o ka iwi mineral nui e pili ana i nā miliona o nā wahine, e waiho ana iā lākou i ka pilikia no nā haʻihaʻi hiki ke hoʻonāwaliwali.Hāʻawi mākou i ka iwi densitometry, ka mea e ana pono ai i ka iwi mineral density (BMD), e ʻae ai i ka manaʻo o ka haʻihaʻi o ka mea maʻi.Hiki i kā mākou ʻōnaehana holomua ke helu pololei i ka BMD ma ka spine, hip, a i ʻole ka lima.Hāʻawi ka ʻōnaehana i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka BMD i ka heluna pediatric.
Hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i ka iwi densitometry inā manaʻo ʻo ia ua loaʻa iā ʻoe a pilikia paha i ka ulu ʻana i ka osteoporosis.He iwi nāwaliwali ko ka poʻe me ka osteoporosis a i ʻole ka pohō nui ʻana o ko lākou iwi mineral nui.He mau miliona wahine a me nā kāne he nui i ka osteoporosis i ko lākou mau makahiki.
Pehea e hana ai ka iwi Densitometry
I kekahi manawa, kapa ʻia kēia hōʻike ʻana i ka iwi iwi iwi a i ʻole dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).He ʻano hoʻonui ʻia o ka ʻenehana x-ray.Hoʻouna ka mīkini DXA i kahi kukuna lahilahi a ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā x-ray haʻahaʻa ma o nā iwi.Hoʻopili kou mau ʻiʻo palupalu i ka kukuna ikehu mua.Hoʻopili kou mau iwi i ka lua.Ma ka unuhi ʻana i ka nui o ka ʻiʻo palupalu mai ka huina, hāʻawi ka mīkini i ke ana o kou iwi mineral density (BMD).Hōʻike kēlā mānoanoa i ke kauka i ka ikaika o kou mau iwi.
No ke aha e hoʻohana ai nā kauka i ka iwi Densitometry
ʻO ka Osteoporosis ka lilo o ka calcium i kou mau iwi.He maʻi ia e pili pinepine i nā wahine ma hope o ka menopause, ʻoiai hiki i nā kāne ke loaʻa i ka osteoporosis.Me ka nalo ʻana o ka calcium, hele nā iwi i nā hoʻololi hoʻololi e lilo ai i mea lahilahi, palupalu a ʻoi aku ka haki.
Kōkua pū ʻo DXA i nā radiologists a me nā kauka ʻē aʻe e nānā i ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēlā me kēia ʻano maʻi o ka iwi.Hōʻike nā ana o ka hoʻokolohua e pili ana i kou pilikia o ka haki ʻana i ka iwi.
ʻO wai ka mea pono e loaʻa i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka iwi mineral Density (BMD).
• Wahine 65 makahiki a oi
• Nā wāhine postmenopausal ma lalo o 65 makahiki me nā kumu pilikia no ka haʻihaʻi.
• ʻO nā wāhine i ka wā o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka menopausal me nā kumu pilikia o ke kino no ka haʻihaʻi, e like me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa o ke kino, ka haʻi mua, a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe.
• Nā kāne he 70 makahiki a keu.
• Nā kāne ma lalo o 70 makahiki me nā kumu pilikia no ka haʻihaʻi.
• ʻO nā mākua me ka haʻihaʻi palupalu.
• ʻO nā poʻe mākua me ka maʻi a i ʻole ke kūlana pili i ka iwi haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka poho iwi.
• ʻO nā poʻe mākua e lawe nei i nā lāʻau e pili ana i ka iwi haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka poho iwi.
• Ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nei kekahi no ka lāʻau lapaʻau (lāʻau lapaʻau).
• ʻO ka mea e mālama ʻia, e nānā i ka hopena lapaʻau.
• ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa ʻole i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e alakaʻi ʻia ai nā hōʻike o ka poho iwi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā wahine e hoʻopau ana i ka estrogen no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka iwi iwi e like me nā hōʻailona i helu ʻia ma luna.
No ke aha e hoʻohana ai nā kauka i ka Vertebral Fracture Assessment (VFA)
ʻO kekahi hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia ma ka mīkini DXA ʻo ia ka loiloi fracture vertebral (VFA).He hōʻike x-ray haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ia o ka iwi kuamoʻo e loiloi i ke olakino o kou iwi kuamoʻo.E hōʻike ana ka VFA inā he haʻihaʻi koʻikoʻi kou ma kou iwi kuamoʻo (nā iwi ma kou iwi kuamoʻo).ʻOi aku ka waiwai o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi haʻihaʻi vertebral i ka wānana ʻana i kou pilikia o ka haki ʻana o nā iwi i ka wā e hiki mai ana ma mua o DXA wale nō.Eia nā kumu (indications) no ka hana ʻana i ka loiloi fracture vertebral (VFA) e pili ana i ka 2007 Official Positions of the International Society of Clinical Densitometry (www.iscd.org):
ʻO wai ka mea e loaʻa iā VFA
• Nā wāhine postmenopausal me ka iwi iwi ha'aha'a (osteopenia) e ka BMD criteria, PLUS kekahi o kēia mau mea:
• ʻOi aku ka makahiki ma mua a i ʻole like me 70 makahiki
• ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 4 knm (1.6 in.)
• ʻOi aku ka nui o ka poho kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 2 knm (0.8 in.)
• ʻO ka haʻihaʻi vertebral i hōʻike ponoʻia (ʻaʻole i kākau muaʻia)
• ʻElua a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau mea;
• 60 a 69 makahiki
• Ua hōʻike mua ʻia ka haʻihaʻi non-vertebral
• Pohō ke kiʻekiʻe mōʻaukala o 2 a 4 knm
• ʻO nā maʻi maʻi maʻamau e pili ana me ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā haʻihaʻi vertebral (no ka laʻana, COPD a i ʻole COAD maʻamau, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, maʻi Crohn)
• Nā kāne me ka iwi iwi ha'aha'a (osteopenia) ma ka BMD criteria, PLUS kekahi o kēia mau mea:
• 80 makahiki a oi paha
• ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 6 knm (2.4 in)
• ʻOi aku ka nui o ka poho kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 3 knm (1.2 in)
• ʻO ka haʻihaʻi vertebral i hōʻike ponoʻia (ʻaʻole i kākau muaʻia)
• ʻElua a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau mea;
• 70 a 79 makahiki
• Ua hōʻike mua ʻia ka haʻihaʻi non-vertebral
• Moolelo kiʻekiʻe poho o 3 a 6 knm
• Ma ka pharmacologic androgen deprivation therapy a i ʻole ma hope o ka orchiectomy
• ʻO nā maʻi maʻi maʻamau e pili ana me ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā haʻihaʻi vertebral (no ka laʻana, COPD a i ʻole COAD maʻamau, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, maʻi Crohn)
• ʻO nā wāhine a i ʻole nā kāne ma ka lāʻau glucocorticoid mau loa (e like me 5 mg a ʻoi aku paha o ka prednisone i kēlā me kēia lā no ʻekolu (3) mahina a ʻoi aku paha).
• Nā wahine postmenopausal a me nā kāne me ka osteoporosis e nā pae hoʻohālike BMD, inā e hoʻololi nā palapala o hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā haʻihaʻi vertebral i ka hoʻokele lāʻau.
E hoʻomākaukau ana no kāu hōʻike hōʻike hoʻohālikelike iwi
Ma kāu lā hoʻokolokolo, e ʻai maʻamau akā e ʻoluʻolu mai ʻai i nā mea hoʻopihapiha calcium no ka liʻiliʻi he 24 mau hola ma mua o kāu hoʻokolokolo.E ʻaʻahu i nā lole ʻoluʻolu a ʻoluʻolu a pale aku i nā lole me nā zipa metala, nā kāʻei a me nā pihi.Hiki iā Radiology & Imaging ke noi iā ʻoe e wehe i kekahi a i ʻole nā ʻaʻahu āpau a e ʻaʻahu i ke kapa a i ʻole ka ʻaʻahu i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo.Pono paha ʻoe e wehe i nā mea nani, nā aniani a me nā mea metala a lole paha.Hiki i nā mea like me kēia ke hoʻopilikia i nā kiʻi x-ray.
E hōʻike i kāu kauka inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻokolohua barium a i ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me kahi mea ʻokoʻa no ka scan computed tomography (CT) a i ʻole radioisotope (lāʻau lapaʻau nuklear).
E hoʻomaopopo mau i kāu kauka a i ʻole ka Radiology & Imaging technologist inā loaʻa kekahi mea hiki ke hāpai ʻoe.
He aha ka Bone Densitometry Exam
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E moe ana ʻoe ma luna o ka papa ʻaina.No ka hoʻokolohua Central DXA, e ana ana i ka iwi iwi ma ka ʻūhā a me ka iwi kuamoʻo, aia ma lalo o ʻoe ka mea hoʻoheheʻe x-ray a ʻo kahi mea kiʻi kiʻi, a i ʻole mea ʻike, aia ma luna.No ka loiloi ʻana i kou iwi kuamoʻo, kākoʻo ʻia kou mau wāwae ma kahi pahu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kou pelvis a me lalo (lumbar) spine.No ka loiloi ʻana i ka ʻūhā, e hoʻokomo ka mea ʻenehana i kou wāwae i kahi pale e hoʻohuli ai i kou ʻūhā i loko.Ma nā hihia ʻelua, hele mālie ka mea ʻike maka, e hana ana i nā kiʻi ma ke kelepona kamepiula.ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hoʻokolohua he 10-20 mau minuke wale nō a he mea nui e noho mālie a puni ka hoʻokolokolo.
Pōmaikaʻi a me nā pilikia
He maʻalahi, wikiwiki a ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ka iwi densitometry.ʻAʻole pono ia i kahi anesthesia.He ʻuʻuku loa ka nui o ka pāhawewe i hoʻohana ʻia — ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka nui o ka pahu x-ray maʻamau.
Me kekahi kaʻina hana x-ray, loaʻa kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi mai ka hoʻolaha nui ʻana i ka radiation.Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi hōʻailona pololei ma mua o ka pilikia.Pono nā wāhine e hoʻomaopopo i kā lākou kauka a i ʻole ka Radiology & Imaging technologist inā loaʻa kekahi mea hiki ke hāpai.
Nā palena o ka iwi Densitometry
ʻAʻole hiki ke wānana ka densitometri iwi me ka 100% maopopo inā e ʻike ʻoe i kahi haki i ka wā e hiki mai ana.Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona ikaika o kou pilikia o ka haki ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
ʻOiai ka maikaʻi o ke ana ʻana i ka ikaika o ka iwi, hoʻohana palena ʻia ka densitometry iwi a i ʻole DXA no ka poʻe me ke kuamoʻo deformity a i ʻole ka poʻe i loaʻa i ke ʻoki kuamoʻo.Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā haʻihaʻi vertebral compression a i ʻole osteoarthritis, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kou kūlana i ka pololei o ka hōʻike.I kēia mau manawa, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe, e like me ka densitometry iwi forearm.
Hoʻoikaika mākou i ka heluhelu ʻana i nā kiʻi iwi
Hoʻohana ʻo Radiology & Imaging i nā mea hana hou e hāʻawi ana i nā kikoʻī diagnostic kūikawā.ʻO kā mākou poʻe radiologist kiʻi kino a i ʻole musculoskeletal radiologists loea i ka heluhelu ʻana i nā densitometries iwi ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka ʻike a me ka ʻike i ka hana no ʻoe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-07-2023