ʻO Osteoporosis kahi maʻi o ka poʻe ʻelemakule.I kēia manawa, ʻo Kina ka ʻāina me ka nui o nā maʻi osteoporosis ma ka honua.ʻO Osteoporosis kekahi maʻi maʻamau i waena o ka poʻe waena a me ka poʻe ʻelemakule.Wahi a nā ʻikepili kūpono, ʻo ka nui o nā maʻi osteoporosis ma Kina ma kahi o 70 miliona.Me ka holomua o ka nohona kahiko o Kina, ua lilo ka osteoporosis i kekahi o nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi ma Kina.
01. He aha ka Osteoporosis?
ʻO ka Osteoporosis kahi maʻi iwi ʻōnaehana kahi e emi ai ka nui o ka iwi a me ka maikaʻi o ka iwi ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole, ua luku ʻia ka microstructure iwi, piʻi ka palupalu o ka iwi, a hiki i nā haʻihaʻi.ʻAʻohe hōʻailona maopopo i ka wā mua o ka osteoporosis.Me ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka osteoporosis, e loaʻa nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻeha hope, hunchback, a me ka pōkole.ʻO ka haʻihaʻi ka hōʻailona koʻikoʻi loa o ka osteoporosis.Ma waena o lākou, he kiʻekiʻe loa ka nui o ka make o ka haʻi ʻana o ka ʻūhā i ka poʻe ʻelemakule.
02. He kumu koʻikoʻi ka nānā ʻana i ka iwi iwi no ka ʻike ʻana i ka osteoporosis
ʻO ka nui o ka iwi minerala e pili ana i ka nui o ka iwi i loko o ka huina helu (volume density) a i ʻole ka ʻāpana ʻāpana (area density), he hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka maikaʻi o ka iwi, e hōʻike ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka osteoporosis, a he kumu nui hoʻi ia no ka wānana ʻana i ka pilikia o haʻihaʻi.ʻO Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) ka "paʻamau gula" o ka hoʻokolokolo iwi iwi.He ana ia i na minelala iwi o ka mea nana ma o ka mikini, a hiki ke ana pololei i ka degere o ka poho iwi o na ma'i.kumu nui no ka hōʻoia ʻana.
03 He aha ka helu T a me ka helu Z o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka iwi iwi?
Ua helu ʻia nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka iwi iwi ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka waihona maʻamau e loaʻa ai nā koina T a me Z pili.
Waiwai T: Ka waiwai pili o ka waiwai i ana a me ka waiwai awelika o na kanaka makua o ka wahine hookahi (no ke kumu hookolokolo o ke ana kanaka makua)
Z-helu: ʻO ka waiwai pili o ka waiwai i ana ʻia i ka waiwai awelika o nā hoa o ke kāne hoʻokahi (e hoʻoholo i ke kūlana no nā ana o nā keiki).
ʻO nā pae hoʻohālikelike no ka waiwai T:
| iwi maʻamau | T-waiwai ≥ – 1 |
| Osteopenia | -2.5﹤T-waiwai﹤-1 |
| Osteoporosis | T-waiwai ≤ -2.5 |
| osteoporosis nui | T-waiwai ≤ -2.5me hoʻokahi a ʻoi aʻe paha nā haki |
ʻO nā pae hoʻohālikelike Z-score:
| iwi maʻamau | Z-waiwai≧-1 |
| ʻaʻole lawa ka ikaika o ka iwi | -1﹥Z-waiwai≥-1.5 |
| ʻAʻole lawa ka ikaika o ka iwi | -1.5﹥Z-waiwai≥-2 |
| ʻAʻole lawa ka ikaika o ka iwi | Z-waiwai<-2 |
04. Ka heluna kanaka i paipai ʻia no ka nānā ʻana i ka iwi iwi
Wahi a ka "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis in China" i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka Bone and Mineral Diseases Branch o ka Hui Lapaʻau Kina i ka makahiki 2017, pono e hoʻāʻo mua ʻia nā hui ma lalo nei:
1. ʻO nā wāhine ma luna o 65 makahiki a me nā kāne ma luna o 70 mau makahiki, me ka nānā ʻole i nā kumu pilikia osteoporosis ʻē aʻe
2. ʻO nā wāhine ma lalo o 65 mau makahiki a me nā kāne ma lalo o 70 makahiki he hoʻokahi a ʻoi aʻe paha nā kumu pilikia o ka osteoporosis.
3. ʻO nā mākua me ka mōʻaukala o nā haʻihaʻi palupalu
4. ʻO nā mākua me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hormone sex ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole
5. ʻO ka poʻe me nā loli osteoporotic i ke kiʻi X-ray
6. ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka lāʻau osteoporosis a nānā i ka hopena curative
7. ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa ka moʻolelo e pili ana i nā maʻi o ka iwi a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka metabolism iwi
8. Nā pane maikaʻi i ka hoʻāʻo osteoporosis IOF hoʻokahi minuke
9. OSTA hopena ≤ -1
He nui loa kēia hōʻailona, a ʻo ka poʻe ma mua o 40 mau makahiki a me nā poʻe me nā mea pilikia hiki ke hoʻāʻo ʻia no ka nui o ka iwi.
05 Nā mea e mālama ai no ka nānā ʻana i ka iwi iwi:
Loaʻa iā DXA nā pono o ka radiation haʻahaʻa, palekana a wikiwiki, a me ke ana pololei.He haʻahaʻa loa kona ʻano radiation.No nā poʻe maʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka radiography o ka ʻōpū i loko o ka pule i hala, pono e hana ʻia ka nānā ʻana o ka iwi iwi i kekahi mau lā (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o 7 mau lā);no nā poʻe maʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau nuklea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana i ka iwi iwi ma mua a i ʻole ka lā aʻe.inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea maʻi ke moe i luna a ʻoi aku paha i ke kaumaha o ka papa hoʻokolokolo, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻāʻo ʻia ka iwi iwi o ke kumu, akā hiki ke ana ʻia ka iwi iwi o ka forearm.
06 Pehea e pale a mālama ai i ka osteoporosis?
Inā ua ʻike ʻoe ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka osteopenia a i ʻole osteoporosis, pono ʻoe e hana ikaika i ka mālama ʻana.ʻO nā hana pale a me ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka nohona, nā mea hoʻohui olakino iwi, a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hoʻoponopono i ka nohona: hoʻoikaika i ka meaʻai, ka meaʻai kaulike;lawa ka lā;hooikaika mau;e haʻalele i ka puhi paka, e kaupalena i ka waiʻona;pale i ka inu nui ʻana i ke kofe;pale i ka inu nui ʻana i nā mea inu kalapona;
Hoʻonui i ke olakino iwi: e hōʻoia i ka lawe ʻana o ka calcium i kēlā me kēia lā o 1000mg, nā wahine ma luna o 50 mau makahiki, nā kāne ma mua o 70 mau makahiki, pono e hoʻonui i ka ʻai calcium i 1200mg;hiki i ka nui o ka vitamina D ke hoʻonui i ka absorption calcium intestinal, hoʻoikaika i ka ikaika o ka iwi, mālama i ka ikaika o ka ʻiʻo, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kaulike a hoʻemi i ka hopena o ka hāʻule.
07. Ka pale ʻana i ka osteoporosis, nānā i ka hana
No ka osteoporosis, hiki i ka pale ʻana a me ka hoʻokō pono ke pale i ka ʻelemakule a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola i kekahi ʻano.He mea koʻikoʻi ke ana ʻana o ka iwi i ka ʻike mua ʻana o ka osteopenia a me ka osteoporosis.Manaʻo ʻia i nā hoa ʻōpio a me waena o ka makahiki e hoʻolohe i ko lākou iwi ponoʻī, hoʻomaopopo i ko lākou kūlana iwi iwi ponoʻī, a pale i ka osteoporosis, e hoʻomaka ana mai ke ana ʻana i ka nui o ka iwi.
No.1ka pale mua o ka osteoporosis
ʻO ka pale mua o ka osteoporosis e hoʻomaka i ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka wā ʻōpio.E noʻonoʻo i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai waiwai nui o ka calcium, hoʻomau i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, hoʻonui i ka lā, mai puhi a inu nui, a inu i ka kofe, kī ikaika a me nā mea inu kalapona, i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o ka osteoporosis e like me ka hiki.E hoʻokiʻekiʻe i kou iwi kiʻekiʻe a mālama i ka nui o ka iwi no kou ola e hiki mai ana.
No.2Ka pale lua o ka osteoporosis
ʻO ka pale lua o ka osteoporosis e pili ana i nā wahine o waena, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine postmenopausal, kahi e wikiwiki ai ka nui o ka pohō o ka iwi.Manaʻo ʻia e nānā i ka iwi iwi i kēlā me kēia 1-2 mau makahiki e hoʻomaopopo ai i nā loli o ka iwi iwi.I ka manawa like, ʻo ka hoʻohui kūpono o ka calcium a me ka vitamina D, ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano ola maikaʻi, e like me ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau, ka meaʻai meaʻai kūpono, ka puhi ʻole ʻana, a me ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona hiki ke pale i ka osteoporosis.
No.3Ka pale ʻana i ka osteoporosis
ʻO ka pale kiʻekiʻe o ka osteoporosis ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka iwi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o ka osteoporosis ma hope o ka ʻelemakule.I kēia manawa, pono mākou e hoʻomau i ka hoʻoikaika kino, pale i ka hāʻule, a pale i nā haki.I ka manawa like, pono mākou e hoʻonui i ka calcium a me ka vitamina D, ʻo ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hiki ke pale pono i ka nalowale o ka iwi a hoʻemi i ka pilikia o ka haʻihaʻi ʻana, a me ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka nui o ka iwi.
ʻAʻole i lōʻihi ka hoʻomaka ʻana e nānā i ke olakino iwi.
ʻO Pinyuan Ultrasound Bone Densitometer a me DXA Bone Denstometry e pale i kou ola kino.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-17-2023